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If Member States are to comply with international climate targets, then an energy market transition is required. Shifting public finance away from fossil fuels and towards clean energy is key to securing this transition. The State aid guidelines for environmental protection and energy (EEAG), in force since 2014, are the set of rules against which the European Commission assesses the compatibility of State aid schemes with EU law – and authorises them or not. It is thus crucial that the EEAG help the EU and the Member States meet decarbonisation commitments and drive the energy transition. This is our response to the first target consultation launched by the Commission for the revision of these 2014 guidelines.